VERSCHILLENDE MATERIAUX GEBRUIKT VOOR HET BEELDHOUWWERK ART-DECO:

TERRA COTTA:

Object manufactured out of terracotta, of reddish color of variable tonalities, determined by the type of raw material used. Cooking is made with heat sun or in furnaces carried at high temperature. First terra cotta specimens (vases, dishes, etc.) go up at the time Neolithic era. The terra cotta can constitute the base of ceramics parts with repeated cookings (biscuit). The modelling of the terra cotta products can be carried out with the hand, the turn or even with a mould. The principal processes of proofing are the enamelling (which produce the majolique one), varnishing and slip painting. The terra cotta is also employed structures about it as in sculpture and worked with engraving or low relief. One can paint it with varnishes with silico-alkaline, vitrify it or enamel it thanks to repeated cookings.

WAX LOST:

Technique of fusion of bronze consisting in covering with modelled wax a block of clay carved, which is then brought up to very high temperature. Under the action of heat, the wax melts and runs out through a series of small channels by which is then run liquid bronze. While cooling, this one adopts the shape of the block of clay. After having separated bronze from the elements of the moulding, the founder polishes, engraves and browns the sculpture. This process, very old, is still used in the foundries of art.

REGULE:

Resistant and stainless alloy containing lead, invented in England about 1835. It is used for the current objects like the candlesticks, mantelpiece ornaments, statuettes.

BRONZE:

 Bronze: tin and copper alloy, is run in fusion in a mould by a founder of art. Indeed when metals are brought up to a sufficient temperature (fusion), they become liquid and can thus be cast in a mould. The artist must start by creating his work, while thinking of the final matter. The original model perhaps out of wooden, marble, clay, plaster. The moulds of these bronzes were destroyed, and pullings were limited by it.

The CHRYSELEPHANTINES

 Domenica GAUTHIER Among the decorative objects of luxury of Art Deco, the statuettes chryséléphantines are an illustration. The term "chryséléphantine" comes from the Greek and indicates an object of gold and ivory. What was declined in Art Déco as of the sculptures made in various materials such-that gold, the ivory, bronze, the scale, the lacquer and the money. These statuettes generally treated the topic of the dance in movements often suspended on the point of the feet, the arms tended the bust to turned half. They are truly the small ones chief-of?uvre. Ferdinand Preiss, one of the creators of these statuettes, amateur of contemporary dance describes attitudes very far away from the traditional sculpture. The haughty air these dancers have the grace of the covered goddesses of one costume à.la.mode of the time. Demeter Chiparus, a Rumanian artist, is interested particularly in the costume, its dancers represented in installations of ballet, are often vêtues head with the foot of exotic ornaments which testify to the influence of the Russian Ballet on the creators and the craftsmen. Its statuettes are out of patinated bronze. This sculpture did not have any preoccupation with a realism, it was an art of escape which was sold very expensive in the smartest stores of Paris, London, Berlin and New York. These charming parts will remain very decorative, but one will not have to apply the criteria of the great sculpture to them. They are the subject often of collection, signed of Gerdago, Kelety, Lorenzl and poecile.

CRAQUELES:

 The "cracked" term used by the Antique dealers or the collectors is to be taken in the broad sense since the same model could be published out of earthenware (ceramics), or in likings, white or colors, with or without cracks. One knows period Art-Déco, the animals in cracked, the artists who drew them or carved, admirably knew to marry the forms cubists of art déco and the attitudes animalist. In very few features, they knew to give life to the animals. The bear goes nonchalamment, the panthers intertwine, the tiger watches for its prey, the squirrel nibbles, the cat defies you, the pigeon made the wheel. SOME NAMES OF The Artists OF CRAQUELES: François Pompom, Jan & Joële Martel, Jean & Jacques Adnet, Edouard-Marcel Sandoz, Charles Lemanceau, Géo Cop, George Knight, Charles Catteau, Louis Fontinelle, Jan, Charles Virion and well of other still... The plaster and the stone were used also much for the sculpture of period Art-Déco.